Subhas Chandra Bose (Aged 48) also known as Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, was born on 23 January 1897 into a wealthy and privileged Bengali family in Cuttack, Orissa during the high noon of the British Raj. He was initially rusticated from the University of Calcutta, but after reinstatement 18 months later, he managed to study without any trouble and excel academically. At his father’s urging, he went to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination, where he succeeded with distinction in the vital first exam but declined to take the more routine but clinching final exam.
Bose returned to India in 1921 to join the nationalist movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress, and initially worked with C. R. Das in Bengal. Bose became Congress president in 1938 and was reelected in 1939, but differences arose between Bose and Gandhi. The senior leadership in the Congress supported Gandhi, and Bose resigned as president, eventually leading to his ousting from the party. In July 1940, Bose was arrested by the Bengal government over a small protest and kept under strict police watch.
In mid-January 1941, he escaped from India dramatically, heading northwest into Afghanistan. He arrived in Nazi Germany in April 1941, where the leadership offered unexpected sympathy, if equivocal, for India’s independence. The Indian National Army (INA) was formed in 1942 from Indian POWs of the British Indian army captured by the Japanese in the Battle of Singapore. After arriving in Singapore, Bose enlisted Indian civilians, mainly Tamil ones, in Malaya and Singapore.
The Indian National Congress praised Bose’s patriotism but distanced itself from his tactics and ideology, particularly his collaboration with fascism. The British Raj, never seriously threatened by the INA, charged 300 INA officers with treason in the INA trials but eventually backtracked in the face of popular sentiment and its own end. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose passed away on 18 August 1945.
Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
(1897 – 1945) – (Odisha)
Subhas Chandra Bose (Aged 48) also known as Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, was born on 23 January 1897 into a wealthy and privileged Bengali family in Cuttack, Orissa during the high noon of the British Raj. He was initially rusticated from the University of Calcutta, but after reinstatement 18 months later, he managed to study without any trouble and excel academically. At his father’s urging, he went to England to take the Indian Civil Service examination, where he succeeded with distinction in the vital first exam but declined to take the more routine but clinching final exam.
Bose returned to India in 1921 to join the nationalist movement led by Mahatma Gandhi and the Indian National Congress, and initially worked with C. R. Das in Bengal. Bose became Congress president in 1938 and was reelected in 1939, but differences arose between Bose and Gandhi. The senior leadership in the Congress supported Gandhi, and Bose resigned as president, eventually leading to his ousting from the party. In July 1940, Bose was arrested by the Bengal government over a small protest and kept under strict police watch.
In mid-January 1941, he escaped from India dramatically, heading northwest into Afghanistan. He arrived in Nazi Germany in April 1941, where the leadership offered unexpected sympathy, if equivocal, for India’s independence. The Indian National Army (INA) was formed in 1942 from Indian POWs of the British Indian army captured by the Japanese in the Battle of Singapore. After arriving in Singapore, Bose enlisted Indian civilians, mainly Tamil ones, in Malaya and Singapore.
The Indian National Congress praised Bose’s patriotism but distanced itself from his tactics and ideology, particularly his collaboration with fascism. The British Raj, never seriously threatened by the INA, charged 300 INA officers with treason in the INA trials but eventually backtracked in the face of popular sentiment and its own end. Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose passed away on 18 August 1945.
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